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Chapter 5:

Applications

of

Demand & Supply

Bank of Canada holds interest rate, views oil slump as temporary soft patch

January 9, 2019

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Stephen Poloz, Governor of the Bank of Canada, holds a press conference at the Bank of Canada in Ottawa

The Bank of Canada is maintaining interest rates as the economy navigates a temporary economic slowdown due to the sharp drop in oil prices. This recent drop will lower total revenue for the Canadian economy due to the inelastic coefficient of crude oil, which will adversely impact the elasticity of supply despite the positive effect on the price elasticity of demand. On top of that, the drop in oil prices will also affect wages, as Canada’s sharp deceleration in wage growth has also been highlighted as a concern for the economy. The bank says the national wage-growth figures have been weighed down by weaker numbers in the oil-producing provinces. However, overall, the central bank has a positive outlook for Canada’s future economic growth: “As the snow melts, we’ll have a clearer view that the economy is back on track and then likely to grow above or around 2% after that,” Bank of Canada governor Stephen Poloz told reporters after announcing the bank would keep its interest rate at 1.75%.

Glossary

1. Total Revenue

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            The price of a product multiplied by the quantity demanded of the product.

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2. Inelastic Coefficient

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            A coefficient for a product of less than one, indicating that a given percentage change in price causes a smaller percentage change in quantity demanded.

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3. Elasticity of Supply

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           The responsiveness of the quantity supplied by a seller to a rise or fall in its price.

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4.Price Elasticity of Demand

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           An expression of how much more or less consumers will buy of a product if its price changes.

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5.Wage

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           The price a worker receives for supplying labour to a business with a demand for it.

© 2019 Elaine Zhou

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